EPD Site Data

Site Data from the European Pollen Database

Please cite investigators and data compilers when using these data!

Raw Counts / Minimum Metadata (generated on 2006-03-06)

Site name	Amtkel 1
Place	Georgia: Abkhazia Avtonomiuri Respublika
Latitude (dd)	43.283333
Longitude (dd)	41.291667
Altitude (m)	1860
Collection name
Handle	AMTKEL1
Site description	Bottom of the trough valley on Amtkel mn. Physiography: toe of slope foot of morainic ridge. Surrounding vegetation: subalpine foot of morainic ridge.
Notes	Mountain pass Amtkell is in Western part of Chkhaltian ridge.
Investigator	KVAVADZE, Eliso V.
Data compiler	European Pollen Database

Publications
Kvavadze, E.V., and L.P. Rukhadze. 1989. Vegetation and climate of the Holocene of Abkhazia. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, Georgia, 138p (in Russian).
Kvavadze, E.V., L.P. Rukhadze, P.R. Tretyak, and L.V. Petrenko. 1988. The late Holocene paleoecology in the mountains of Abkhazia. Abst. Intern. Confer. The problems of the Holocene. Tbilisi, Metsniereba, p56.
Kvavadze, E.V., L.P. Rukhadze, P.R. Tretyak, and L.V. Petrenko. 1991. Palaeobotanical characterization of the high mountain profile in the Amtkel river headwatern (Western Georgia). Preprint. Tbilisi, 12p.

Pollen data
Depth (cm)	Radiocarbon years B.P.	Abies nordmanniana	Acer	Alnus	Betula	Carpinus betulus	Carpinus orientalis	Castanea sativa	Cedrus	Corylus	Fagus orientalis	Juglans regia	Picea orientalis	Pinus	Quercus	Rhododendron	Salix	Tilia	Ulmus	Apiaceae	Artemisia	Aster	Asteraceae	Campanula	Caryophyllaceae	Cerealia-type	Chenopodiaceae	Cichorium	Cirsium	Cyperaceae	Fabaceae	Geraniaceae	Knautia	Lamiaceae	Malvaceae	Onagraceae	Plantaginaceae	Plumbaginaceae	Poaceae	Polygonaceae	Potentilla	Ranunculaceae	Saxifragaceae	Urtica	Valeriana	Viola	Sparganium	Athyrium	Diphasiastrum alpinum	Equisetum	Lycopodium clavatum	Polypodiaceae undiff.	Pteridium undiff.	Selaginella selaginoides	Unknown
5	225	10	0	54	0	1	0	5	0	6	14	2	4	32	2	2	0	2	0	8	4	0	0	1	12	1	2	9	7	41	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	12	23	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	66	4	0	16
10	450	1	0	91	1	2	0	3	0	11	24	0	1	3	0	1	0	2	0	8	6	0	2	1	3	0	6	10	2	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	2	3	46	14	0	1	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	22
15	675	27	0	53	1	2	0	1	0	6	5	0	12	75	0	5	0	3	0	2	8	0	2	0	0	0	17	4	0	47	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	16	12	0	3	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	28	2	0	5
20	783.077	8	0	60	0	3	0	1	0	8	22	0	3	39	0	0	0	1	0	24	5	2	0	3	4	0	4	8	0	53	4	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	20	0	0	14	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	26	1	0	26
25	861.923	3	0	119	0	0	0	2	0	19	33	1	5	53	0	0	0	0	0	21	4	0	0	0	0	0	13	4	0	58	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	8	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	40	0	0	13
30	940.769	0	0	105	1	2	0	0	0	14	28	3	1	23	0	0	0	0	1	19	9	4	0	0	0	0	12	0	0	65	0	0	0	3	0	0	1	0	34	3	0	1	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	56	2	0	22
35	1019.62	1	0	73	0	0	0	0	0	5	11	0	2	34	1	0	0	1	1	13	5	0	0	1	0	0	6	1	0	81	4	0	0	3	0	0	1	0	53	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	43	2	0	1
42	1130	5	0	121	1	1	0	3	0	15	32	0	1	36	1	0	0	0	0	16	4	0	0	2	0	0	4	7	0	78	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	48	5	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	21	1	0	17
48	1208.18	1	0	133	1	3	0	1	0	16	22	0	1	41	1	0	0	1	0	9	9	3	0	1	2	0	8	0	0	33	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	34	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	31	0	0	8
50	1234.24	1	0	94	1	4	0	1	0	16	21	4	1	13	1	0	0	0	1	5	5	0	0	1	0	1	3	1	4	59	3	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	29	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	2	0	15	0	0	3
55	1299.39	1	1	78	1	0	2	4	0	9	16	0	2	23	1	0	0	2	0	13	4	2	0	2	1	0	5	7	0	51	0	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	36	11	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	34	0	0	25
65	1429.7	6	1	57	1	2	0	2	2	7	19	2	5	24	1	1	0	1	0	32	13	0	0	2	5	2	15	7	0	78	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	4	4	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	41	8	0	19
75	1560	6	0	45	0	0	0	3	0	8	11	2	1	46	0	0	1	0	0	28	3	0	0	0	0	0	4	4	1	67	0	0	1	4	0	0	1	2	41	4	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	31	3	0	14
90	1832.73	21	0	57	1	0	0	10	0	2	13	0	7	49	1	1	1	0	0	31	4	1	0	0	5	0	4	13	0	61	0	0	0	1	0	0	3	2	57	1	0	6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	86	6	0	21
96	2100	0	0	58	2	1	0	6	0	6	24	0	9	27	0	0	0	0	0	24	3	4	0	1	2	0	3	11	8	0	5	1	0	6	0	0	0	2	31	10	0	4	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	45	0	0	17
102	2164.86	9	0	54	1	2	0	5	0	6	11	0	3	36	4	0	3	1	0	23	6	3	0	0	5	0	5	22	0	8	0	0	0	7	0	0	0	9	9	9	0	14	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	63	0	0	20
108	2229.73	4	0	92	1	2	0	4	0	7	19	0	2	47	0	2	1	0	0	0	8	0	0	0	8	0	4	20	6	0	1	6	0	0	0	0	0	2	41	15	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	73	0	0	40
110	2251.35	4	0	63	0	2	0	6	0	3	21	0	0	13	0	2	1	3	0	4	7	2	6	0	3	0	5	6	18	17	0	4	0	5	7	0	3	2	8	10	0	19	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	46	5	0	33
114	2294.59	11	0	17	0	2	2	3	0	5	10	1	4	39	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	4	0	19	0	8	7	3	31	8	4	5	3	1	0	4	3	23	39	0	12	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	29	1	1	19
116	2316.22	0	0	61	0	2	0	8	0	5	12	0	0	12	0	0	0	0	0	19	2	4	0	0	6	0	3	19	22	1	16	0	0	19	0	0	0	0	4	11	3	18	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	103	0	0	14
118	2337.84	0	0	42	0	0	0	2	0	5	4	0	0	16	0	1	0	0	0	19	1	0	0	0	16	0	0	45	12	0	11	0	0	8	0	0	2	0	5	24	0	18	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	11	0	0	32
120	2359.46	2	0	119	0	0	0	3	0	9	15	0	1	14	2	0	0	0	0	5	5	0	0	0	6	0	1	20	0	20	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	6	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	72	0	0	13
123	2391.89	0	0	43	1	0	0	12	0	9	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	13	9	14	0	0	12	0	7	23	12	4	2	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	23	25	3	17	0	0	4	2	0	0	0	0	0	33	0	0	19
133	2500	4	0	41	0	0	0	5	0	3	10	0	2	9	1	1	0	1	0	18	2	0	0	3	26	0	3	35	11	6	0	0	0	6	0	3	2	0	4	4	0	12	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	51	1	0	25